ACE — Reverse Analyzer Flowchart
This flowchart defines the authoritative decision sequence for reversing Arabic surface forms (Latin or Arabic) into structure, root, form, tense, and function.
Stage 0 — Normalization
0. Normalize Input
- Lowercase
- Trim whitespace
- Normalize digraphs (sh, kh, dh, etc.)
- No morphology here
Stage 1 — Exact Match
1. Exact Surface Match
- Full token matches dictionary entry
- Includes particles, pronouns, fixed words
- Example:
min,inna,huwa
Stage 2 — Strip Suffixes (Right → Left)
2.1 Object Pronouns
hu, hum, humA, hunna, naA, ni, ka, ki, kum
2.2 Verb Suffixes
- Perfect:
tunna, tumaa, tuma, ataa, tum, naa, ata, tu, ta, ti, uu, na, at, aa, a, - Imperfect:
aani, uwna, iyna, ani, na, iy, aa, a
2.3 Noun Declension Suffixes
- Tanwīn:
un, in, an - Sound plurals:
uuna, iina - Dual:
aAni, ayni
Stage 3 — Non-Derived Exact Match
3. Non-Derived Entities
- Particles
- Prepositions
- Conjunctions
- Pronouns
- Demonstratives
If matched → STOP.
Stage 4 — Pattern Matching (Core Engine)
4. Root Skeleton Detection
- Extract consonant frame
- Allow gemination
- No form assumption yet
4.1 Base Patterns (Form I)
katab(faʿala)katib(faʿila)katub(faʿula)- Also reduced:
ktab, ktib, ktub
4.2 Form II (Geminated)
darrasdarrisdurris
4.3 Derived Stem Patterns
- Form III:
kaatab - Form VIII:
eintafaq - Form VII:
einkasar
Stage 5 — Verb Form Identification
5. Form Prefixes
- Form II: gemination only
- Form III:
aA - Form IV:
ea - Form V:
ta + gemination - Form VI:
ta + aA - Form VII:
ein / ink - Form VIII:
ei + t - Form X:
sta / sti
Stage 6 — Imperfect / Noun Prefixes
6.1 Imperfect Prefixes
ya, yu, ta, tu, na, nu, ea, eu
6.2 Noun / Participle Prefixes
mu, ma, mi
Examples:
mustaqbil,
masjid,
mibrad
Stage 7 — Conjunctions (Left Side)
7. Conjunction Detection
wa, fa, la, bi, li
Attach without affecting root.
Stage 8 — Weak & Irregular Handling
8. Weak Verbs
- Hollow:
qaAl, quwl, qiyl - Assimilated:
wajada → jid - Defective:
daʿa
8.1 Short Imperatives
qi, qul, sal
This flowchart is the canonical specification for ACE reverse analysis. Implementation follows this order strictly.